LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



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CONSTITUTION 



BY-LAWS 



FRANKLIN INSTITUTE 



State of Jpennsgbanxa. 






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CONSTITUTION 



BY-LAWS 



FRANKLIN INSTITUTE 



State of Ihnnsglttanict, 



PROMOTION OF THE MECHANIC ARTS: 






ACT OF INCORPORATION. 



PHILADELPHIA: 

BARNARD & JONES, PRINTERS. 

No. 10 Decatur Street. 

1854. 



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STATED MEETINGS. 

The Institute, Monthly — 3d Thursday evening. 

Board of Managers, " 2d Wednesday evening. 

STANDING COMMITTEES. 

On Meteorology, Monthly — 1st Monday Evening. 

u The Library, " 1st Tuesday Evening. 

M Instruction, " 1st Wednesday Evening. 

" Publications, " " " " 

" Models, " 1st Thursday Evening. 

u Exhibitions, M 1st Thursday Evening. 

" Minerals and Geologi- ) .. OJ A , -, -& 

, c . & r u 2d Monday Evening, 

cal Specimens, $ 

" Meetings, " 2d Monday Evening. 

k - Arts and Manufactures, " 2d Tuesday Evening. 

" Science and the Arts, " 2d Thursday Evening. 

TIMES OF MEETINGS. 

The Institute.— At 7 o'clock in November, December, 
January, and February — at 1\ o'clock in March, April, Sep- 
tember, and October— and at 8 o'clock in May, June, July, 
and August. 

Board of Managers. — Second Wednesday evening at 8 
o'clock. 

Standing Committees.* — At the same hour as the Board. 



LIBRARY AND READING ROOM. 

OPEN EVERY DAY, (Sundays excepted,) from 10 o'clock 
A. M., to 10 o'clock, P. M. 

The books are divided into two classes, the first class com- 
prising text books, &c», to be used in the rooms, whilst the 
second class, being the largest proportion of the Library, can 
be taken out. (See Regulations page 21.) 

LECTURES 

Are delivered on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday Evenings, 
for 21 weeks, from the second Monday in November, 



DRAWING SCHOOL. 

Open on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday evenings for 
24 weeks, commencing on the 1st Tuesday of October, in each 
year. Terms — Five dollars per quarter. The pupils, under 
21 years of age, are entitled to attend the Lectures of the In- 
stitute without any additional charge. 



TERMS AND PRIVILEGES OF MEMBERSHIP. 

THREE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, or TWENTY- 
FIVE DOLLARS FOR LIFE. The annual contribution 
payable in advance, on the first of October. 

Each member on the payment of his contribution, and each 
Life member, will receive a ticket for himself to attend the lec- 
tures, also one Lady's Ticket without additional charge, and 
any further number of Ladies' Tickets on payment of two 
dollars each. Minors, who are the sons, daughters, wards or 
apprentices of members who have paid their annual contribu- 
tion for the current year, will be entitled to attend the Lec- 
tures of the Institute, on the payment of one dollar. 

Ladies not under the privilege of members, will be admitted 
for three dollars; and Gentlemen who are not members, on the 
payment of five dollars. 

No member will be entitled to the use of the Lectures, the 
Library, or the Reading Room, until his annual contribution 
for the current year is paid. 



AN ACT 

To Incorporate the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania 
for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts. 

Section 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of 
Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 
General Assembly met, and it is hereby enacted by the au- 
thority of the same, That the subscribers to the association 
called the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for 
the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts, and all such persons as 
may hereafter be admitted members of the same, shall be, and 
they are hereby declared to be, a body politic and corporate, 
by the name and style of "The Franklin Institute of the State 
of Pennsylvania for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts," to 
have perpetual succession, to sue and be sued, implead and be 
impleaded, in all courts of record or elsewhere, to use a com- 
mon seal, and break, alter, and renew the same at pleasure, 
and to take, hold, and enjoy lands, tenements, and heredi- 
taments : Provided, that the yearly income of the real estates 
held by them shall not exceed two thousand dollars. 

Section 2. And be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That the objects of the said corporation shall be 
the promotion and encouragement of manufactures and the 
mechanic and useful arts, by the establishment of popular lec- 
tures on the sciences connected with them, by the formation 
of a cabinet of models and minerals, and a library, by of- 
fering premiums on all objects deemed worthy of encour- 
agement, by examining all new inventions submitted to 
them, and by such other measures as they may judge ex- 
pedient. 

Section 3. And be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That the members of said corporation shall consist 
of manufacturers, mechanics, artisans, and persons friendly to 
the mechanic arts ; they shall pay such a sum annually, or in 

A* 



gross, as shall be required by the by-laws of the said corpora- 
tion for an annual or life subscription : Provided, that no- 
thing herein contained shall be construed to prevent the said 
corporation from electing honorary or corresponding members, 
who may be exempted from such pa}nnents and other duties 
of membership, in such manner and to such extent as may be 
prescribed by the by-laws of the said corporation. 

Section. 4. And be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That the officers of the said corporation shall be a 
president, two vice-presidents, a recording secretary, a corres- 
ponding secretary, a treasurer, and twenty -four managers, who 
shall, together, constitute a board of managers of said cor- 
poration, and such other officers as the said corporation shall 
deem needful ; two-thirds of the managers shall be manufac- 
turers or mechanics ; the said officers shall be elected at an an- 
nual meeting of the said corporation, to be held on the third 
Thursday in January ; if an election shall not take place on 
that day, the corporation shall not for that cause be dissolved, 
hut an election shall be held as soon afterwards as may be, 
and until such election the officers in place shall continue to 
act ; public notice of all elections shall be given in such 
manner as may be prescribed by the by-laws of the said 
corporation ; the present officers of the said association are 
hereby constituted the officers of the corporation hereby crea- 
ted ; and shall continue to hold their respective offices till other- 
wise elected under the provisions of this act : Provided al- 
ways, that the said corporation shall have power to increase 
the number of vice-presidents and managers hereinbefore men- 
tioned, to such number as maybe deemed advisable and con- 
venient, at a stated meeting of the said corporation, the same 
public notice of such intended alteration being previously 
given as may be required to be given of the election of officers 
of the said corporation. 

Section 5. And be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That the duties and rights of the members of the 
said corporation, the powers and functions of the officers 



thereof hereinbefore mentioned, and such others as may 
hereafter be added, the mode of supplying vacancies in office, 
the times of meeting of said corporation, and of the board 
of managers, the numbers which shall constitute a quorum at 
any such meetings, the mode of electing members, the terms 
of their admission, the causes which shall justify their suspen- 
sion or expulsion from the corporation, and all other concerns 
of the said corporation, shall be regulated by the by-laws and 
ordinances of the said corporation hereafter to be made, which 
the said corporation is hereby authorized and empowered to 
make and alter, in the manner which may be therein men- 
tioned : Provided, that the said by-laws or ordinances shall 
not be repugnant to, or inconsistent with, the constitution or 
laws of the United States or of this Commonwealth. 



Office of the Clerk of the Senate of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 
March 30th, 1824. 

I certify that the foregoing Bill passed both branches of 
the Legislature, and received the signature of the Gover- 
nor on this day. As witness my hand the day and year 
above written. 

(Signed,) 

JOHN DUPUY, Clerk. 



CONSTITUTION. 



I. Title and Objects. 

The Society shall be known by the name of the "Frank- 
lin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for the 
Promotion of the Mechanic Arts." 

Its objects shall be the promotion and encouragement of 
Manufactures and the Mechanic and Useful Arts, by the es- 
tablishment of Popular Lectures on the Sciences connected 
with them; by the formation of a Cabinet of Models and 
Minerals, and a Library ; by offering- Premiums on all objects 
deemed worthy of encouragement ; by examining all new In- 
ventions submitted to them ; and by such other means as they 
may judge expedient. 

II. — Members. 

1. The Members shall consist of Manufacturers, Me- 
chanics, Artisans, and persons friendly to the Mechanic 
Arts. 

2. Any person desirous of becoming a Member, shall be 
proposed by two Members to the Institute, who shall vote, 
viva voce, on his application at the next stated meeting. 
The names of candidates nominated shall be suspended 
conspicuously in the Hail for one month before the election. 

3. No person shall be entitled to the privilege of member- 
ship until he shall have paid his first annual contribution, 
and signed the constitution. 

4. Any member who shall have refused to pay his annual 
contribution for two successive years, shall, by a vote of the 
Institute, forfeit his membership; but he shall not thereby be 
exonerated from the payment of his arrears. 

(8) 



5. Honorary and Corresponding Members may be elected 
by the Board of Managers, who shall report such election at 
the next meeting of the Institute. 

III. — Meetings, 

1. The Stated Meetings of the Institute shall be held 
monthly. 

2. Special Meetings shall be called by order of the Pre- 
sident, on application of the Board of Managers, or of twelve 
Members of the Institute. Fifteen members shall consti- 
tute a quorum. 

IV. — Paym ents, 

1. Every member shall pay an annual contribution of 
three dollars, which will entitle him to all the benefits of the 
Institution. 

2. The payment of twenty-five dollars shall constitute 
a Member for life, with an exemption from all annual pay- 
ments. 

V.— Officers. 

The Officers shall be a President, two Vice Presidents, a 
Recording Secretary, a Corresponding Secretary, a Treasurer, 
twenty-four Managers, and three Auditors, to be chosen an- 
nually. Two-thirds of the Managers shall be Manufacturers 
or Mechanics. 

VI. — Elections. 

The first Election for Officers shall be held on Monday, the 
16th day of February, instant, and the subsequent annual 
Elections shall be held on the third Thursday in January ; 
but if no Election shall take place at that meeting, the 
Officers in existence shall continue until a new Election be 
held. No member shall be entitled to vote until all arrears 
shall have been paid. 



10 



VII. — President. 

It shall be the duty of the President, or, in his absence, of 
the senior Vice President present, or, in their absence, of a 
President to be chosen pro tempore, to preside at the meetings 
of the Institute, preserve order therein, put all questions, and 
announce the decisions. 

' VIII. — Secretaries. 

1. It shall be the duty of the Recording Secretary to keep 
a record of the proceedings of all meetings of the Institute, 
and give notice of the stated and special meetings. 

2. It shall be the duty of the Corresponding Secretary to 
answer all letters addressed to the Institute, to open and main- 
tain such correspondence as may tend to advance its interest, 
to keep a record thereof, subject to the directions of the Insti- 
tute, and to acknowledge donations to the Library and the 
Cabinets; he shall notify their election to all honorary or cor- 
responding members. 

IX. — Treasurer. 

It shall be the duty of the Treasurer to receive all moneys 
of the Institute, and deposit them, in the name of the Corpo- 
ration, in such Institution as the Board of Managers may 
direct. He shall make no payments without written vouch- 
ers from the Board of Managers. He shall keep accurate 
accounts of the income and disbursements of the Institute; 
exhibit an accurate statement of his receipts and payments 
at the stated meetings, and whenever called upon by the 
Board of Managers ; and give bond for the faithful perform- 
ance of his trust. 

X. — Board of Managers. 

1. All the Officers of the Society, except the Auditors, 
shall be members of the Board, to whom shall be confided 



11 

all matters of finance, and the various concerns of the 
Institute which may not be otherwise provided for, with 
authority to devise and execute all measures which may 
advance its interests, reporting the same to the next meeting 
of the Institute for their sanction. 

2. They shall keep regular minutes of their proceedings, 
which shall be open at all times to the inspection of the mem- 
bers of the Institute. 

3. They shall, at the stated meetings of the Institute, pre- 
sent a detailed report of their proceedings. 

4. They shall hold stated meetings once in each month. 
They shall elect their officers, and be at liberty to make by- 
laws for their own regulation. Seven of their number shall 
constitute a quorum. 

5. They shall have power to fill vacancies in the Board 
from Members of the Institute. 

XI. — Amendments. 

To alter or amend this Constitution, notice shall be given, 
stating the intended amendment, at any meeting of the Insti- 
tute, and it shall be acted upon at the next or any subsequent 
stated meeting. Notice of proposed amendments shall be 
given by publication in two or more newspapers, and such 
publication be continued until they are finally disposed of. 
No amendment shall become a part of this Constitution 
unless approved by a vote of two-thirds of the Members 
present. 



BY-LAWS. 



I. — Auditors. 



It shall be the duty of the Auditors to examine the Trea- 
surer's accounts ; to compare them with the vouchers, and 
certify to their correctness. 

II. — Meetings, 

The stated meetings of the Institute shall be held on the 
evening of the third Thursday in each month : 

At 7 o'clock, in November, December, January, and Feb- 
ruary. 

At 1\ o'clock, in March, April, September, and October. 

At 8 o'clock, in May, June, July, and August. 

III. — Order of Business. 

1st. Reading the Minutes. 

2d. Reading the Correspondence. 

3d. Donations. 

4th. Reports of Officers. 

5th. Reports of Standing Committees. 

6th. Reports of Select Committees. 

7th. Deferred Business. 

8th. Consideration of Reports. 

9th. Resignations. 

10th. Proposal of Candidates for membership. 

11th. Election of members. 

12th. New Business. 

13th. Communications on subjects connected with Science 
and the Arts. 

(12) 



13 

IV , — Coram ittees. 

1st. There shall be the following Standing Committees, 
each to consist of ten members, to be appointed by the Presi- 
dent and approved by the Institute, except the Committee on 
Science and the Arts, which shall be composed of such mem- 
bers as may voluntarily attach themselves thereto, pledging 
themselves, in writing, to perform such duties as may be de- 
volved upon them. 

1st. On Science and the Arts. 

2d. On the Library. 

3d. On the Cabinet of Models. 

4th. On the Cabinet of Minerals and Geological Speci- 
mens. 

5th. On the Cabinet of Arts and Manufactures. 

6th. On Exhibitions. 

7th. On Meetings. 

8th. Meteorology. 

2d. A Chairman for each of the said Committees shall be 
chosen by .he Institute at the first stated meeting after the 
adoption of these laws; and annually thereafter, by the said 
Committees, at their stated meeting in February. 

3d. There shall be a Committee on Publications, which 
shall consist of five members, selected for their scientific and 
literary qualifications, from the Institute at large, by the Board 
of Managers. The said Committee shall have power to ap- 
point Collaborators in the various departments of the Journal, 
who shall be governed by such rules as the said Committee 
may from time to time prescribe. 

4th. The Standing Committees shall meet statedly once a 
month; they shall keep regular minutes of their proceedings, 
and report at every stated meeting of the Institute. They 
shall be governed by such rules as may be prepared by them, 
and approved by the Institute. 

5th. It shall be the duty of the Standing Committees to take 
cognizance of all matters connected with the department of 



14 

the Institute committed to their charge. They shall have no 
power to expend money, except upon appropriations regularly 
made for their use. They shall report to the Board of Mana- 
gers, or to the Institute, from time to time, what moneys they 
will require; but no appropriation shall be made by the Insti- 
tute until it has been referred to the Board of Managers, and 
report made thereon by them. 

6th. Special Committees, unless otherwise ordered, shall be 
nominated by the presiding officer, and be approved by a vote 
of the Institute. i 

7th. All Special Committees must report to the Institute, 
in writing, at the stated meeting next succeeding their ap- 
pointment ; otherwise they shall be considered discharged, 
unless they be continued. 

8th. It shall be the duty of each Committee, previously to 
their being discharged, to present bills of all expenses incurred 
by them, attested by their Chairman. 

9th. No bill shall be paid without having been first passed 
at a regular meeting of the Committee entrusted with the 
object for which the expense has been incurred, and its cor- 
rectness certified by the Chairman of the Committee, and 
afterwards examined by the Auditors. 

V. — Members of the Institute. 

1st. The annual contributions of the members shall become 
due and payable on the first day of October of each year, in 
advance ; but all members who are elected subsequently to 
January shall pay in advance from the date of their election, 
at the rate of twenty -five cents per month, until the first day 
of October next ensuing. Every member, on receiving his 
diploma, shall pay to the Actuary one dollar therefor. 

2d. No resignation of membership shall be accepted until 
all dues shall have been paid. 

3d. A correct alphabetical list of all members of the Insti- 
tute shall be made by the Actuary, and suspended in the Hall, 
designating those members who are in arrears. 



15 

VI.— Rules. 

1st. All resolutions proposed for the consideration of the 
Institute, must be presented to the presiding officer, in writing, 
signed by the mover, and be announced from the Chair before 
any observations are made thereon. 

2d. Any member rising to speak, shall be announced by the 
Presiding Officer before proceeding. 

3d. The name of the mover of a resolution shall in all 
cases be entered on the minutes. 

4th, No member shall be permitted to speak more than 
twice on any subject, except the mover of the resolution under 
discussion, or the Chairman of the Committee whose report 
is under consideration, who shall have the privilege of closing 
the debate. 

5th. The yeas and nays shall be called upon the request of 
five members; and to this end, at every meeting, each member, 
as he enters the room, shall report his name to the Actuary or 
Janitor, to be recorded. 

6th. Any resolution differed, the subject of which does not 
pertain to the object of the Institute, as set forth in the Con- 
stitution, shall be declared out of order by the Chair. Appeals 
from his decision upon this section shall lay over one month, 
and be sustained by a vote of two-thirds of the members present. 

7th. At the stated meeting next preceding the election, 
nominations for all the officers to be voted for shall be made, 
and the names of those nominees, who do not decline, shall 
be placed conspicuously in the Hall of the Institute for the 
inspection of the members. 

VII. — Amendments. 
Propositions to alter or amend these laws shall be presented 
in writing. They may be considered when presented ; but 
they shall not be adopted until they are agreed to by two-thirds 
of the members present at the next, or some subsequent stated 
meeting. Notice of proposed amendments shall be given by 
publication in two or more newspapers, and such publication 
be continued until they are finally disposed of. 



LAWS 



ADOPTED BY 

THE BOARD OF MANAGERS 

FOR THEIR GOVERNMENT. 

Article 1. — Officers. 

The officers of the Board shall be a Chairman, an Actuary, 
and two Curators. 

Article 2. — Chairman. 

The Chairman shall preside at the meetings of the Board; 
he shall sign all orders upon the Treasurer of the Institute, 
when the accounts shall have been passed by the Board; and 
shall call special meetings whenever he shall receive a written 
request, signed by five members. 

Article 3. — Actuary. 

The Actuary shall keep correct records of all proceedings 
of the Board, subject at all times to the inspection of any of 
its members; he shall notify to every Committee their appoint- 
ment, through their Chairman, and shall transmit to him any 
documents relative thereto, within two days after the appoint- 
ment of the Committee. He shall keep a roll of the members' 
names, and at every meeting note the absentees, and also 
those who attend later than the fixed hour of meeting. He 
shall give notice of every special meeting of the Board by 
printed Circulars. He shall not lend any document or paper 
of the Board to any member thereof, without a receipt. He 
shall attest all orders drawn by the Board. He shall act as 
agent for the Journal of the Institute, Secretary of the Board 

(16) 



17 

of Managers and of the Standing Committees, and Librarian. 
He shall, in conjunction with the Curators, have charge of 
the Hall, and all the property of the Institute, and collect all 
moneys due to the Society and shall account to the Treasurer 
for the same. It shall also be his duty to provide a suitable 
person to perform the duties of Janitor to the Institute, and 
such other assistants as he may deem necessary in the ex- 
ecution of his office. 

Article 4. — Curators. 

The Curators shall have charge of all the property of the 
Institute, except the records, papers, and books, which may be 
assigned to any of its officers. They shall keep regular 
minutes of their proceedings, and report them monthly to the 
Board. All bills for advertising shall be under the cognizance 
of the Curators, and be signed by them before receiving the 
signatures of the Auditors. 

Article 5. — Meetings. 

The stated meetings of the Board shall be held on the even- 
ing of the second Wednesday in each month, at 8 o'clock. 

A fine of twelve and a half cents shall be levied on each 
member who is absent when the roll of the Board is first 
called, and an additional fine of twelve and a half cents shall 
be levied on each member who does not appear during the 
meeting. 

Article 6. — Order of Business. 

The order of business at the meetings of the Board shall 
be as follows: — 1st. Calling the Roll. 2d. Reading the 
Minutes, 3d. Reports from Standing Committees. 4th. Re- 
ports of Select Committees. 5th. New Business. 6th. Call- 
ing the Roll. - 



18 



Article 7. — Committees. 

I. Standing Committees shall be nominated by the Chair- 
man, and approved by the Board, on the following subjects, 
viz : 

1. Publications. 

2. Instruction. 

3. Managers of the Sinking Fund and Finance. 

It shall be the duty of the Standing Committees to keep 
regular minutes of their proceedings, and to report them month- 
ly to the Board. 

II. All other committees shall be appointed in the follow- 
ing manner: — The Chairman shall nominate to the Board 
the Chairman of the Committee, who shall name a second 
member, and he a third, &c, until the whole number be filled. 
a vote being taken upon- each. 

All special committees must report to the Board, in writing, 
at the stated meeting next succeeding their appointment ; 
otherwise they shall be considered as discharged, and a new 
committee appointed, unless continued by the Board. 

It shall be the duty of each committee, previous to their 
being discharged by the Board, to present bills of all expenses 
incurred by them, attested by their Chairman. No committee 
shall have power to contract any debt unless previously 
authorized by the Board of Managers, and an appropriation 
made. 

No bill shall be paid without having been first passed at a 
regular meeting of the committee entrusted with the object 
for which the expense has been incurred, and its correctness 
certified by the Chairman of the committee, and afterwards 
examined by the Auditors. 



REGULATIONS 



FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF 

THE COMMITTEE ON INSTRUCTION. 



The Lectures shall commence on the second Monday even- 
ing in November, and be continued on the evenings of Mon- 
day, Wednesday, and Friday, for twenty-one weeks, including 
the introductory lectures. The first week ta be occupied by 
introductory lectures, which shall be open to all who may 
please to attend; to the remainder, those only shall be admit- 
ted who have tickets, except strangers visiting the city, who 
may be admitted by a ticket from a member of the Committee 
on Instruction, or by the consent of the Actuarj 7 . 

Tickets of admission shall be delivered to members and 
others under the following regulations, viz : 

To every member for life, and such as have paid their annual 
contributions for the current year, a ticket for himself and one 
for a lady, without charge, and any further number of ladies 
tickets at two dollars each. 

To minors, who are the sons, daughters, wards, or appren- 
tices of members who have paid their annual contributions, 
including the current year, on the payment of one dollar; and 
to those who are pupils of the Drawing School, without 
charge. 

To gentlemen who are not members of the Institute, on the 
payment of Five Dollars; and to ladies not included in the 
members' privilege, on the payment of three dollars. 

Minors must conduct themselves in a quiet and orderly 
manner during their attendance at the Lectures, and on en- 
tering and leaving the room : should they behave otherwise, 

(19) 



20 

or disturb the class by applauding, talking, or in any other 
manner, or refuse to deliver their tickets to the Actuary or 
his assistant, when required to do so, they shall be expelled 
from the room, and their tickets be forfeited for the remainder 
of the season, unless a proper acknowledgment be made to 
the Committee on Instruction, who may admit them on 
their good behaviour, except for the second offence, when 
their tickets shall be forfeited without reserve. 



REGULATIONS 

FOE, THE GOVERNMENT OF 

THE COMMITTEE 0-ft THE LIBRARY. 



I. The large room on the second floor of the Hall shall be 
appropriated for the purpose of a Reading Room, when not 
required for the meetings of the Institute. 

II. The Reading Room shall be open daily, (Sundays ex- 
cepted,) from 10 o'clock, a. m., to 10 o'clock, p. M. 

III. No conversation shall be permitted in the Reading 
Room, to the interruption of the readers ; but the adjoining 
north-east and south-east rooms may be used for that purpose, 
when not required for the meetings of the Board of Managers, 
or committees. 

IV. Members shall have the privilege. of introducing to the 
Reading Room persons who are not residents of Philadelphia, 
who shall then have free access to the rooms during one 
month. All visiters must be presented to the Actuary, and 
their names, occupations, and residences, be entered in a book 
appropriated for that purpose, with the signature of the mem- 
ber by whom they were introduced. 

V. The Library shall be divided into two classes; the first com- 
prising such works as, from their rarity, value, or extent, should 
not be lent out, except when required by committees for the 
use of the Institute ; or by members who have obtained the 
sanction, in writing, of at least two members of the commit- 
tee ; to this class shall be added all unbound periodicals, and 
such text-books as ought necessarily to be found in a library 
of reference. The second class shall include those books in- 
tended for circulation among the members. 

(21) 



22 

VI. The Actuary shall have authority to loan to members 
of the Institute any work belonging to the second class, sub- 
ject to the following regulations : 

Section 1st. Every person, on borrowing a book, shall sign 
a conditional bond, or obligation, for the sum of fifty dol- 
LxVRS, as security for his due observance of the rules of the 
library, and for the value of such books as may be injured or 
lost by him. • 

Section 2d. No individual shall be permitted to have more 
than two books at one time, without a written permission, 
signed by at least two members of the Library Committee; nor 
shall a book be kept out more than two weeks; but if no one 
has applied for it, the former borrower may renew the loan : 
should any person have applied for it, the latter shall have the 
preference. 

Section 3d. A fine of ten cents per w r eek shall be exacted 
for the detention of every book beyond the limited time; and 
if a book be not returned within three months, it shall be 
deemed lost, and the borrower shall, in addition to his fines, 
forfeit its value. 

Section 4th. Should any book be returned injured, the bor- 
rower shall pay for the injury, or replace the book, as the 
Library Committee may direct; and if one or more books, be- 
longing to a set or sets, be lost, the borrower shall pay the 
full value of the set or sets, and may take the remaining 
volumes. 

VII. Any person removing from the Hall, without permis- 
sion from the proper authorities, any book, newspaper, or other 
property in charge of the Library Committee, shall be reported 
to the Committee, who may inflict any fine not exceeding 
twenty-five dollars. 

VIII. No member whose annual contribution for the current 
year shall be unpaid, or who is in arrears for fines, shall be 
entitled to the privileges of the Library or Reading Room. 

IX. If any member shall refuse or neglect to comply with 



23 

the foregoing rules, it shall be the duty of the Actuary to re- 
port him to the Committee on the Library. 

X. The Actuary shall keep a book on the table of the Read- 
ing Room, subject to the inspection of the members, in which 
shall be registered the names of the donors, and of all articles 
presented to the Library. 

XI. Books presented or deposited shall be subject to the 
preceding regulations, or to such special rules as may be de- 
termined by the depositor, which shall be reported to the Com- 
mittee, and be entered on their minutes. 

XII. Any member detected in mutilating the Newspapers, 
Pamphlets, or Books belonging to the Institute, shall be de- 
prived of his right of membership, and the name of the offender 
shall be made public. 



REGULATIONS 



FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF 



THE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND THE ARTS. 



Duty of the Committee. 

1. It shall be the duty of said committee to examine, either 
as a body or by sub-committees, all inventions that maybe sub- 
mitted to them, and to make a detailed descriptive report, 
giving their opinion with candor and impartiality on the sub- 
ject submitted. 

2. It shall also be the duty of that committee to institute 
and conduct, by sub-committees or otherwise, such scientific 
investigations as they may deem worthy of consideration, and 
to publish the results in the Journal of the Institute. 

3. It shall further be the duty of that committee, by sub- 
committee or otherwise, to inquire into, and report upon, the 
state of the Arts generally, or of any branch thereof, when 
called upon to do so, in order to disseminate useful practical 
information, or historical facts in relation thereto. 

4. Those scientific duties in general, which devolve upon 
the Institution, tending to mutual instruction and the dissemi- 
nation of knowledge, and which are not specially intrusted by 
the Constitution to the officers of the Institute, shall be con- 
fided to the Committee on Science and the Arts. 

Duties of the Chairman. 

He shall take the Chair at the hour appointed; preserve 
order and decorum in debate, suppress all personal reflections, 

(24) 



25 

and confine the Members to the question under discussion. — 
When two or more members rise at the same time, he shall 
designate the one entitled to the floor. 

He shall decide all questions of order ; an appeal from his 
decision to the committee cannot be made by less than two 
members. He may, however, submit questions of order to the 
committee for their decision. 

On questions of order, there shall be no debate, except on 
an appeal from the decision of the Chairman, or on a reference 
of a question by him to the committee. On questions of 
order, no member shall speak more than once, unless by leave 
of the committee : on other questions, a member may speak 
twice, but not oftener without leave. 

The Chairman shall appoint the members of all sub-com- 
mittees, unless otherwise ordered. And whenever he shall 
ascertain that any member of a sub-committee is absent, or 
unable or unwilling to discharge the duties assigned to such 
member, the chairman is empowered, if deemed expedient, to 
substitute another member in his place. 

Order of Business, 

1st. Reading and approval of the Minutes of the preceding 

Meeting. 
2d. Reports of Sub-Committees. 
3d. Consideration of Reports. 

4th. Consideration of Reports for final action upon them* 
5th. New Business. 
6th. Adjournment. 

On Investigations* 

1st. Every subject submitted to the Committee for Investi- 
gation, before it can be entertained, shall be accompanied by 
a written request, addressed to the committee, from the party 
desiring such investigation, and any article which is the sub- 
ject of a patent must be accompanied with a written request 
from the patentee or patentees, or some person authorized by 

c 



26 

him or them, before any action can be taken upon it by the 
committee. 

2d. No inventor, or other person, interested in the issue 
of an investigation, shall be present when the merits of the 
subject, or of the invention which he represents, shall be under 
discussion, except at the special invitation of the sub-commit- 
tee charged with the investigation; but after the report of the 
sub-committee has been prepared, he may examine it, on ap- 
plication to the Actuary, and may make any explanations or 
objections, in writing, addressed to the Chairman of the gene- 
ral committee, provided such explanations or objections shall 
be submitted within one month after the report of the sub- 
committee shall have been read before a stated meeting of the 
general committee. 

No subject or invention can be withdrawn, after it has been 
assigned to a sub-committee for investigation, without the 
consent of the general committee. 

3d. The reports of all sub-committees may be discussed at 
the same meeting at which they are presented, but shall be 
laid over for final action until the next stated meeting of the 
general committee, except when a written request is pre- 
ferred by the parties interested, they may be taken up on the 
vote of three-fourths of the members present, and finally dis- 
posed of. 

4th. After a report has been finally acted on in the general 
committee, it shall not be re-considered except by a vote of two- 
thirds of the members present; and a motion for re-considera- 
tion must be made at least one stated meeting prior to its being 
acted on, by a member who voted with the majority on the 
final disposition of such report. Notice of such intended mo- 
tion of re-consideration to be given in writing to the Actuary, 
within three days after the adoption of the report which it is 
proposed to re-consider. 

5th. Sub-committees in preparing their reports, shall ac- 
company them with drawings or diagrams, whenever they 
will serve to illustrate the subject of their reports, and they 



•27 

shall be authorized, whenever they shall think it necessary, to 
require from inventors, or other persons interested in the in- 
vestigation, to furnish such drawing or diagram as a condi- 
tion of their making such investigation and report. 

Reports on all subjects must be signed by a majority of the 
sub-committee charged with the subject. No report can be 
published which has not been finally acted upon by the gene- 
ral committee. When a report is ordered to be published, it 
shall be signed only by the Actuary. 

6th. Sub-committees, or members of sub-committees, ne- 
glecting to attend to the duties assigned them within one 
month after their appointment, shall be discharged, unless 
satisfactory excuse shall be given to the general committee. 

7th. It shall be the duty of the Actuary to furnish to each 
inventor a copy of the report of the general committee 
within ten days after such report shall have been finally 
adopted. 

8th. When any sub-committee deem the invention upon 
which they report, worthy an award of the Scott's Legacy Pre- 
mium and Medal, they shall append to their report a recom- 
mendation to that effect. 

9th. Every inventor or other person who may submit a sub- 
ject to the committee for investigation, shall be furnished by 
the Actuary with a copy of the circular and rules relating to 
the Scott's Legacy Premium, and the rules and regulations of 
the committee governing all investigations. 

10th. No report shall be made on any invention or disco- 
very, the process or ingredients of which are not made known 
to the Committee, unless otherwise ordered by a vote of three- 
fourths of the members present. 



28 



Scott's Legacy Premium* 

The award of the premiums authorized by the legacy of 
John Scott to the City of Philadelphia, having" been vested by 
the Select and Common Councils of the City, in the Franklin 
Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for the promotion of the 
Mechanic Arts, the following particulars are published for the 
information of the ingenious throughout the United States : 

John Scott, chemist, late of Edinburgh, by his will, made 
in the year 1816, bequeathed the sum of four thousand dollars 
in the funded three per cent, stock of the United States, to the 
corporation of the City of Philadelphia, directing that the in- 
terest and dividend to become receivable thereon, should be 
laid out in premiums, to be distributed among ingenious men 
and women, who make useful inventions, but no such premium 
to exceed twenty dollars, and that therewith shall be given a 
copper medal, with this inscription : " To the most deserv- 
ing." 

The Select and Common Councils, by an ordinance 
passed February 27, 1834, vested the award of the aforesaid 
premiums and medals in the Franklin Institute of the State of 
Pennsylvania for the promotion of the Mechanic Arts; and by 
the Managers of the Franklin Institute, the duty of examining 
inventions and improvements, and of recommending the 
award of medals and premiums, has been devolved upon the 
Committee on Science and the Arts. 

The committee have adopted the following rules in regard 
to recommendations of the award of premiums or medals by 
them: 

1st. A recommendation for the award of a premium must 
be made by the Committee on Science and the Arts, on a 
report of a sub-committee, who shall have been appointed to 
examine such invention. 

2d. All inventions shall be accompanied by a certificate, 
by the inventor, of the originality of the invention or improve- 
ment submitted. 

3d. The invention or improvement shall be accompanied 



29 

by a clear description of the same, together with drawings, or 
a model — such description and drawings, or models, to become 
the property of the Franklin Institute. 

4th. When the invention is a composition of matter, speci- 
mens of the ingredients and of the compound sufficient for the 
purpose of experiments, and to preserve in the cabinet of the 
Franklin Institute, shall be furnished by the inventor. 

5th. All applications for the Scott's Legacy medals and pre- 
miums must be made to the Actuary of the Institute, by whom 
the applications and accompanying descriptions, drawings, &c. 
shall be laid before the Committee on Science and the Arts, 
and by whom all publications ordered by said committee in 
relation to said premiums, &c, shall be made. 

6th. Whenever an invention or improvement shall have 
been decided by the Committee on Science and the Arts, to 
be worthy of a medal and premium, publication shall be made 
that said premium or medal will be awarded after the expira- 
tion of three months from the date of the decision by the com- 
mittee, unless in the meantime satisfactory evidence shall 
have been submitted of the want of originality of the supposed 
invention or improvement. 



30 



The Elliott Crcsson Medal 

Abstracts from the Deed of Trust : — Under date of Febru- 
ary 18th, 1848, Elliott Cresson, Esq., of Philadelphia, Penn- 
sylvania, conveyed to Trustees, for the Franklin Institute, 
One Thousand Dollars of the Six per cent, convertible 
Loan of the President, Managers and Company of the Schuyl- 
kill Navigation Company — to hold the said sum and the in- 
terest to accrue thereon, for the following use and purposes : 

First, The Trustees to keep the principal invested as it now 
is, until it is reimbursed by the said Company, and immediate- 
ly after such reimbursement, to re-invest the said principal of 
One Thousand Dollars in such securities, bearing interest, 
as may, by law, be designated for the investment of Trust 
Funds. And from time to time, as the said principal sum 
may be reimbursed, re-invest the same in like manner. 

Second, To cause suitable dies to be prepared for striking 
the Gold Medal, out of the first sufficient moneys received for 
interest on the said sum of One Thousand Dollars. The dies 
to bear the following devices and inscription. The obverse 
— a medallion likeness of the said Elliott Cresson, with in- 
scription around the margin — "Elliott Cresson Medal, A. D., 
1848." Reverse — around the margin — "Awarded by the 
Franklin Institute of Pennsylvania." The centre to be filled 
by engraving the name of the party to whom awarded, and 
the year in which the award may be made. 

Third, After the said dies have been prepared, and paid 
for out of the money received for interest, the said Trustees 
to cause to be struck from time to time, such number of 
gold medals as the interest received will pay for, and deliver the 
same to the Treasurer of the Franklin Institute, to be by him 
delivered to such persons, or parties, as the said Franklin Insti- 
tute, by any rule or regulation they may adopt, may have 
awarded the same to. The said awards, however, to be in all 
instances made either for some discovery in the Arts and Sci- 
ences, or for the invention or improvement of some useful ma- 



31 

chine, or for some new process, or combination of materials in 
manufactures, or for ingenuity, skill, or perfection in work- 
manship. 

May 17th, 1849. — On motion, it was 

Resolved, That the Committee on Science and the Arts be 
authorized to award the Elliott Cresson Medal to such inven- 
tions and manufactures, as shall, in their opinion, deserve it, 
subject to the rules which now govern the award of the Scott's 
Legacy Premium. 



32 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 

028 099 073 5 



Resolutions admitting the Members of the Alumni Associa- 
tion of the Philadelphia Central High School, and the 
Graduates of the University of Pennsylvania, to the pri- 
vileges of the Institute. 

April 21, 1847. — Resolved, that the members of the Alumni 
Association of the Philadelphia Central High School be, and 
they are hereby admitted to all the privileges of the Franklin 
Institute, until they arrive at the age of twenty-one years, ex- 
cept voting at the meetings of the Institute, or its Committees : 
Provided, they conform to the rules and regulations of the 
Institute. 

Resolved, That the members of the said Alumni Associa- 
tion who are desirous of availing themselves of the privileges 
granted in the first resolution, shall be required to inscribe their 
names in a book kept for the purpose, stating their age and 
residence, and the occupation they have chosen for life. 

Resolved, That upon the signature of the member, and 
annually hereafter, on the first day of October, until the pre- 
scribed age, the Actuary shall issue a ticket in evidence of his 
title to the privileges before named. 

Sept. 15, 1847. — Resolved, That the members of the Alumni 
Association who are admitted to the privileges of membership 
of the Institute, shall, previously to borrowing books from the 
library, give to the Actuary a conditional bond, or obligation, 
for the sum of fifty dollars, signed by their parent or guardian , 
as security for their due observance of the rules of the libra- 
ry, and for the value of such books as may be injured or 
lost by them. 

Resolved, That the members of the Alumni, previously to 
enrolling their names for the privileges of membership in the 
Institute, shall exhibit to the Actuary a certificate of their 
membership of the Association. 

June 21, 1848. — Resolved, That the privileges now granted 
by the Institute to the Alumni of the Philadelphia Central High 
School, be extended to the graduates of the Department of 
Arts of the University of Pennsylvania, under the same regu- 
lations and restrictions. 




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028 099 073 5 # 



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